44r0n7
0265afa054
Import the runnable game code, content, docs, scripts, and repo guidance while leaving local agent state, dependency installs, build output, and backup copies out of the published tree.
50 lines
3.1 KiB
JSON
50 lines
3.1 KiB
JSON
{
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"id": "package-management",
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"title": "Package Management & Version Pinning",
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"category": "packages",
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"tags": ["apt", "pacman", "packages", "pinning", "rollback", "IgnorePkg"],
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"updated": "2026-01-08",
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"summary": "Installing, rolling back, and pinning packages on Debian and Arch Linux.",
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"sections": [
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{
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"heading": "Debian / Ubuntu (apt)",
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"body": "<p>Most commands need root.</p>",
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"code": "apt update # refresh package list\napt install nginx # install\napt remove nginx # remove (keep config)\napt purge nginx # remove + delete config\napt list --installed # list installed packages\napt show nginx # info about a package\ndpkg -l | grep nginx # alternative listing"
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},
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{
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"heading": "Listing Available Versions (Debian)",
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"body": "",
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"code": "apt-cache policy nginx\n# Shows installed version, candidate version, and all available versions by priority"
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},
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{
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"heading": "Installing a Specific Version (Debian)",
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"body": "",
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"code": "apt install nginx=1.22.1-9\n# Use apt-cache policy to find the exact version string first"
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},
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{
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"heading": "Pinning a Package (Debian)",
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"body": "<p>Pinning prevents apt from upgrading a specific package. Create or edit <code>/etc/apt/preferences.d/</code>:</p>",
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"code": "# /etc/apt/preferences.d/nginx-pin\nPackage: nginx\nPin: version 1.22.1-9\nPin-Priority: 1001\n\n# Priority > 1000 = keep this version even if newer is available\n# After creating the file:\napt-mark hold nginx # belt-and-suspenders hold\napt-cache policy nginx # verify the pin took effect"
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},
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{
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"heading": "Arch Linux (pacman)",
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"body": "",
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"code": "pacman -Syu # update all\npacman -S nginx # install\npacman -R nginx # remove\npacman -Rs nginx # remove + unneeded deps\npacman -Q | grep nginx # list installed\npacman -Qi nginx # info about installed package"
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},
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{
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"heading": "Rolling Back a Package (Arch)",
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"body": "<p>Arch keeps a package cache in <code>/var/cache/pacman/pkg/</code>. If the current package broke something:</p>",
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"code": "ls /var/cache/pacman/pkg/nginx*\n# Find the version you want, then:\npacman -U /var/cache/pacman/pkg/nginx-1.24.0-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst"
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},
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{
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"heading": "Preventing Upgrades (Arch — IgnorePkg)",
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"body": "<p>After rolling back, prevent the package from upgrading on the next <code>pacman -Syu</code>:</p>",
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"code": "# /etc/pacman.conf\n[options]\n...\nIgnorePkg = nginx\n\n# Verify:\npacman -Syu\n# Should print: warning: nginx: ignoring package upgrade (1.24.0-1 => 1.25.x-y)"
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},
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{
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"heading": "When to Pin vs When to Fix",
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"body": "<p>Pinning is a stop-gap, not a solution. Document why you pinned it and set a reminder to revisit. A pinned package stops receiving security updates. If the upstream bug is fixed in a newer minor version, upgrade to that instead of staying pinned indefinitely.</p>"
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}
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]
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}
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