Refactor to unify scripts/categories as Executable

This commit consolidates scripts and categories under a unified
'Executable' concept. This simplifies the architecture and improves code
readability.

- Introduce subfolders within `src/domain` to segregate domain elements.
- Update class and interface names by removing the 'I' prefix in
  alignment with new coding standards.
- Replace 'Node' with 'Executable' to clarify usage; reserve 'Node'
  exclusively for the UI's tree component.

src/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/Expression/Expression.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+import { FunctionParameterCollection } from '@/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Function/Parameter/FunctionParameterCollection';
+import { FunctionCallArgumentCollection } from '../../Function/Call/Argument/FunctionCallArgumentCollection';
+import { ExpressionEvaluationContext, type IExpressionEvaluationContext } from './ExpressionEvaluationContext';
+import { ExpressionPosition } from './ExpressionPosition';
+import type { IReadOnlyFunctionCallArgumentCollection } from '../../Function/Call/Argument/IFunctionCallArgumentCollection';
+import type { IReadOnlyFunctionParameterCollection } from '../../Function/Parameter/IFunctionParameterCollection';
+import type { IExpression } from './IExpression';
+
+export type ExpressionEvaluator = (context: IExpressionEvaluationContext) => string;
+
+export class Expression implements IExpression {
+  public readonly parameters: IReadOnlyFunctionParameterCollection;
+
+  public readonly position: ExpressionPosition;
+
+  public readonly evaluator: ExpressionEvaluator;
+
+  constructor(parameters: ExpressionInitParameters) {
+    this.parameters = parameters.parameters ?? new FunctionParameterCollection();
+    this.evaluator = parameters.evaluator;
+    this.position = parameters.position;
+  }
+
+  public evaluate(context: IExpressionEvaluationContext): string {
+    validateThatAllRequiredParametersAreSatisfied(this.parameters, context.args);
+    const args = filterUnusedArguments(this.parameters, context.args);
+    const filteredContext = new ExpressionEvaluationContext(args, context.pipelineCompiler);
+    return this.evaluator(filteredContext);
+  }
+}
+
+export interface ExpressionInitParameters {
+  readonly position: ExpressionPosition,
+  readonly evaluator: ExpressionEvaluator,
+  readonly parameters?: IReadOnlyFunctionParameterCollection,
+}
+
+function validateThatAllRequiredParametersAreSatisfied(
+  parameters: IReadOnlyFunctionParameterCollection,
+  args: IReadOnlyFunctionCallArgumentCollection,
+) {
+  const requiredParameterNames = parameters
+    .all
+    .filter((parameter) => !parameter.isOptional)
+    .map((parameter) => parameter.name);
+  const missingParameterNames = requiredParameterNames
+    .filter((parameterName) => !args.hasArgument(parameterName));
+  if (missingParameterNames.length) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `argument values are provided for required parameters: "${missingParameterNames.join('", "')}"`,
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+function filterUnusedArguments(
+  parameters: IReadOnlyFunctionParameterCollection,
+  allFunctionArgs: IReadOnlyFunctionCallArgumentCollection,
+): IReadOnlyFunctionCallArgumentCollection {
+  const specificCallArgs = new FunctionCallArgumentCollection();
+  parameters.all
+    .filter((parameter) => allFunctionArgs.hasArgument(parameter.name))
+    .map((parameter) => allFunctionArgs.getArgument(parameter.name))
+    .forEach((argument) => specificCallArgs.addArgument(argument));
+  return specificCallArgs;
+}

src/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/Expression/ExpressionEvaluationContext.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { PipelineCompiler } from '../Pipes/PipelineCompiler';
+import type { IReadOnlyFunctionCallArgumentCollection } from '../../Function/Call/Argument/IFunctionCallArgumentCollection';
+import type { IPipelineCompiler } from '../Pipes/IPipelineCompiler';
+
+export interface IExpressionEvaluationContext {
+  readonly args: IReadOnlyFunctionCallArgumentCollection;
+  readonly pipelineCompiler: IPipelineCompiler;
+}
+
+export class ExpressionEvaluationContext implements IExpressionEvaluationContext {
+  constructor(
+    public readonly args: IReadOnlyFunctionCallArgumentCollection,
+    public readonly pipelineCompiler: IPipelineCompiler = new PipelineCompiler(),
+  ) {
+  }
+}

src/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/Expression/ExpressionPosition.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+export class ExpressionPosition {
+  constructor(
+    public readonly start: number,
+    public readonly end: number,
+  ) {
+    if (start === end) {
+      throw new Error(`no length (start = end = ${start})`);
+    }
+    if (start > end) {
+      throw Error(`start (${start}) after end (${end})`);
+    }
+    if (start < 0) {
+      throw Error(`negative start position: ${start}`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  public isInInsideOf(potentialParent: ExpressionPosition): boolean {
+    if (this.isSame(potentialParent)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    return potentialParent.start <= this.start
+      && potentialParent.end >= this.end;
+  }
+
+  public isSame(other: ExpressionPosition): boolean {
+    return other.start === this.start
+      && other.end === this.end;
+  }
+
+  public isIntersecting(other: ExpressionPosition): boolean {
+    return (other.start < this.end && other.end > this.start)
+      || (this.end > other.start && other.start >= this.start);
+  }
+}

src/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/Expression/ExpressionPositionFactory.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import { ExpressionPosition } from './ExpressionPosition';
+
+export interface ExpressionPositionFactory {
+  (
+    match: RegExpMatchArray,
+  ): ExpressionPosition
+}
+
+export const createPositionFromRegexFullMatch
+: ExpressionPositionFactory = (match) => {
+  const startPos = match.index;
+  if (startPos === undefined) {
+    throw new Error(`Regex match did not yield any results: ${JSON.stringify(match)}`);
+  }
+  const fullMatch = match[0];
+  if (!fullMatch.length) {
+    throw new Error(`Regex match is empty: ${JSON.stringify(match)}`);
+  }
+  const endPos = startPos + fullMatch.length;
+  return new ExpressionPosition(startPos, endPos);
+};

src/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/Expression/IExpression.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { ExpressionPosition } from './ExpressionPosition';
+import type { IReadOnlyFunctionParameterCollection } from '../../Function/Parameter/IFunctionParameterCollection';
+import type { IExpressionEvaluationContext } from './ExpressionEvaluationContext';
+
+export interface IExpression {
+  readonly position: ExpressionPosition;
+  readonly parameters: IReadOnlyFunctionParameterCollection;
+  evaluate(context: IExpressionEvaluationContext): string;
+}

src/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/ExpressionsCompiler.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+import { type IExpressionEvaluationContext, ExpressionEvaluationContext } from '@/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/Expression/ExpressionEvaluationContext';
+import { CompositeExpressionParser } from './Parser/CompositeExpressionParser';
+import type { IReadOnlyFunctionCallArgumentCollection } from '../Function/Call/Argument/IFunctionCallArgumentCollection';
+import type { IExpressionsCompiler } from './IExpressionsCompiler';
+import type { IExpression } from './Expression/IExpression';
+import type { IExpressionParser } from './Parser/IExpressionParser';
+
+export class ExpressionsCompiler implements IExpressionsCompiler {
+  public constructor(
+    private readonly extractor: IExpressionParser = new CompositeExpressionParser(),
+  ) { }
+
+  public compileExpressions(
+    code: string,
+    args: IReadOnlyFunctionCallArgumentCollection,
+  ): string {
+    if (!code) {
+      return '';
+    }
+    const context = new ExpressionEvaluationContext(args);
+    const compiledCode = compileRecursively(code, context, this.extractor);
+    return compiledCode;
+  }
+}
+
+function compileRecursively(
+  code: string,
+  context: IExpressionEvaluationContext,
+  extractor: IExpressionParser,
+): string {
+  /*
+    Instead of compiling code at once and returning we compile expressions from the code.
+    And recompile expressions from resulting code recursively.
+    This allows using expressions inside expressions blocks. E.g.:
+    ```
+      {{ with $condition }}
+        echo '{{ $text }}'
+      {{ end }}
+    ```
+    Without recursing parameter substitution for '{{ $text }}' is skipped once the outer
+    {{ with $condition }} is rendered.
+    A more optimized alternative to recursion would be to a parse an expression tree
+    instead of linear expression lists.
+  */
+  if (!code) {
+    return code;
+  }
+  const expressions = extractor.findExpressions(code);
+  if (expressions.length === 0) {
+    return code;
+  }
+  const compiledCode = compileExpressions(expressions, code, context);
+  return compileRecursively(compiledCode, context, extractor);
+}
+
+function compileExpressions(
+  expressions: readonly IExpression[],
+  code: string,
+  context: IExpressionEvaluationContext,
+) {
+  ensureValidExpressions(expressions, code, context);
+  let compiledCode = '';
+  const outerExpressions = expressions.filter(
+    (expression) => expressions
+      .filter((otherExpression) => otherExpression !== expression)
+      .every((otherExpression) => !expression.position.isInInsideOf(otherExpression.position)),
+  );
+  /*
+    This logic will only compile outer expressions if there were nested expressions.
+    So the output of this compilation may result in new uncompiled expressions.
+  */
+  const sortedExpressions = outerExpressions
+    .slice() // copy the array to not mutate the parameter
+    .sort((a, b) => b.position.start - a.position.start);
+  let index = 0;
+  while (index !== code.length) {
+    const nextExpression = sortedExpressions.pop();
+    if (nextExpression) {
+      compiledCode += code.substring(index, nextExpression.position.start);
+      const expressionCode = nextExpression.evaluate(context);
+      compiledCode += expressionCode;
+      index = nextExpression.position.end;
+    } else {
+      compiledCode += code.substring(index, code.length);
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  return compiledCode;
+}
+
+function extractRequiredParameterNames(
+  expressions: readonly IExpression[],
+): string[] {
+  return expressions
+    .map((e) => e.parameters.all
+      .filter((p) => !p.isOptional)
+      .map((p) => p.name))
+    .filter(Boolean) // Remove empty or undefined
+    .flat()
+    .filter((name, index, array) => array.indexOf(name) === index); // Remove duplicates
+}
+
+function printList(list: readonly string[]): string {
+  return `"${list.join('", "')}"`;
+}
+
+function ensureValidExpressions(
+  expressions: readonly IExpression[],
+  code: string,
+  context: IExpressionEvaluationContext,
+) {
+  ensureParamsUsedInCodeHasArgsProvided(expressions, context.args);
+  ensureExpressionsDoesNotExtendCodeLength(expressions, code);
+  ensureNoExpressionsAtSamePosition(expressions);
+  ensureNoInvalidIntersections(expressions);
+}
+
+function ensureExpressionsDoesNotExtendCodeLength(
+  expressions: readonly IExpression[],
+  code: string,
+) {
+  const expectedMax = code.length;
+  const expressionsOutOfRange = expressions
+    .filter((expression) => expression.position.end > expectedMax);
+  if (expressionsOutOfRange.length > 0) {
+    throw new Error(`Expressions out of range:\n${JSON.stringify(expressionsOutOfRange)}`);
+  }
+}
+
+function ensureNoExpressionsAtSamePosition(expressions: readonly IExpression[]) {
+  const instructionsAtSamePosition = expressions.filter(
+    (expression) => expressions
+      .filter((other) => expression.position.isSame(other.position)).length > 1,
+  );
+  if (instructionsAtSamePosition.length > 0) {
+    throw new Error(`Instructions at same position:\n${JSON.stringify(instructionsAtSamePosition)}`);
+  }
+}
+
+function ensureParamsUsedInCodeHasArgsProvided(
+  expressions: readonly IExpression[],
+  providedArgs: IReadOnlyFunctionCallArgumentCollection,
+): void {
+  const usedParameterNames = extractRequiredParameterNames(expressions);
+  if (!usedParameterNames.length) {
+    return;
+  }
+  const notProvidedParameters = usedParameterNames
+    .filter((parameterName) => !providedArgs.hasArgument(parameterName));
+  if (notProvidedParameters.length) {
+    throw new Error(`parameter value(s) not provided for: ${printList(notProvidedParameters)} but used in code`);
+  }
+}
+
+function ensureNoInvalidIntersections(expressions: readonly IExpression[]) {
+  const intersectingInstructions = expressions.filter(
+    (expression) => expressions
+      .filter((other) => expression.position.isIntersecting(other.position))
+      .filter((other) => !expression.position.isSame(other.position))
+      .filter((other) => !expression.position.isInInsideOf(other.position))
+      .filter((other) => !other.position.isInInsideOf(expression.position))
+      .length > 0,
+  );
+  if (intersectingInstructions.length > 0) {
+    throw new Error(`Instructions intersecting unexpectedly:\n${JSON.stringify(intersectingInstructions)}`);
+  }
+}

src/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/IExpressionsCompiler.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import type { IReadOnlyFunctionCallArgumentCollection } from '../Function/Call/Argument/IFunctionCallArgumentCollection';
+
+export interface IExpressionsCompiler {
+  compileExpressions(
+    code: string,
+    args: IReadOnlyFunctionCallArgumentCollection,
+  ): string;
+}

src/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/Parser/CompositeExpressionParser.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import { ParameterSubstitutionParser } from '../SyntaxParsers/ParameterSubstitutionParser';
+import { WithParser } from '../SyntaxParsers/WithParser';
+import type { IExpression } from '../Expression/IExpression';
+import type { IExpressionParser } from './IExpressionParser';
+
+const Parsers: readonly IExpressionParser[] = [
+  new ParameterSubstitutionParser(),
+  new WithParser(),
+] as const;
+
+export class CompositeExpressionParser implements IExpressionParser {
+  public constructor(private readonly leafs: readonly IExpressionParser[] = Parsers) {
+    if (!leafs.length) {
+      throw new Error('missing leafs');
+    }
+  }
+
+  public findExpressions(code: string): IExpression[] {
+    return this.leafs.flatMap(
+      (parser) => parser.findExpressions(code) || [],
+    );
+  }
+}

src/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/Parser/IExpressionParser.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import type { IExpression } from '../Expression/IExpression';
+
+export interface IExpressionParser {
+  findExpressions(code: string): IExpression[];
+}

src/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/Parser/Regex/ExpressionRegexBuilder.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+export class ExpressionRegexBuilder {
+  private readonly parts = new Array<string>();
+
+  public expectCharacters(characters: string) {
+    return this.addRawRegex(
+      characters
+        .replaceAll('$', '\\$')
+        .replaceAll('.', '\\.'),
+    );
+  }
+
+  public expectOneOrMoreWhitespaces() {
+    return this
+      .addRawRegex('\\s+');
+  }
+
+  public captureOptionalPipeline() {
+    return this
+      .addRawRegex('((?:\\|\\s*\\b[a-zA-Z]+\\b\\s*)*)');
+  }
+
+  public captureUntilWhitespaceOrPipe() {
+    return this
+      .addRawRegex('([^|\\s]+)');
+  }
+
+  public captureMultilineAnythingExceptSurroundingWhitespaces() {
+    return this
+      .expectOptionalWhitespaces()
+      .addRawRegex('([\\s\\S]*\\S)')
+      .expectOptionalWhitespaces();
+  }
+
+  public expectExpressionStart() {
+    return this
+      .expectCharacters('{{')
+      .expectOptionalWhitespaces();
+  }
+
+  public expectExpressionEnd() {
+    return this
+      .expectOptionalWhitespaces()
+      .expectCharacters('}}');
+  }
+
+  public expectOptionalWhitespaces() {
+    return this
+      .addRawRegex('\\s*');
+  }
+
+  public buildRegExp(): RegExp {
+    return new RegExp(this.parts.join(''), 'g');
+  }
+
+  private addRawRegex(regex: string) {
+    this.parts.push(regex);
+    return this;
+  }
+}

src/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/Parser/Regex/RegexParser.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+import { wrapErrorWithAdditionalContext, type ErrorWithContextWrapper } from '@/application/Parser/ContextualError';
+import { Expression, type ExpressionEvaluator } from '../../Expression/Expression';
+import { createPositionFromRegexFullMatch, type ExpressionPositionFactory } from '../../Expression/ExpressionPositionFactory';
+import { createFunctionParameterCollection, type FunctionParameterCollectionFactory } from '../../../Function/Parameter/FunctionParameterCollectionFactory';
+import type { IExpressionParser } from '../IExpressionParser';
+import type { IExpression } from '../../Expression/IExpression';
+import type { IFunctionParameter } from '../../../Function/Parameter/IFunctionParameter';
+import type { IFunctionParameterCollection, IReadOnlyFunctionParameterCollection } from '../../../Function/Parameter/IFunctionParameterCollection';
+
+export interface RegexParserUtilities {
+  readonly wrapError: ErrorWithContextWrapper;
+  readonly createPosition: ExpressionPositionFactory;
+  readonly createExpression: ExpressionFactory;
+  readonly createParameterCollection: FunctionParameterCollectionFactory;
+}
+
+export abstract class RegexParser implements IExpressionParser {
+  protected abstract readonly regex: RegExp;
+
+  public constructor(
+    private readonly utilities: RegexParserUtilities = DefaultRegexParserUtilities,
+  ) {
+
+  }
+
+  public findExpressions(code: string): IExpression[] {
+    return Array.from(this.findRegexExpressions(code));
+  }
+
+  protected abstract buildExpression(match: RegExpMatchArray): PrimitiveExpression;
+
+  private* findRegexExpressions(code: string): Iterable<IExpression> {
+    if (!code) {
+      throw new Error(
+        this.buildErrorMessageWithContext({ errorMessage: 'missing code', code: 'EMPTY' }),
+      );
+    }
+    const createErrorContext = (message: string): ErrorContext => ({ code, errorMessage: message });
+    const matches = this.doOrRethrow(
+      () => code.matchAll(this.regex),
+      createErrorContext('Failed to match regex.'),
+    );
+    for (const match of matches) {
+      const primitiveExpression = this.doOrRethrow(
+        () => this.buildExpression(match),
+        createErrorContext('Failed to build expression.'),
+      );
+      const position = this.doOrRethrow(
+        () => this.utilities.createPosition(match),
+        createErrorContext('Failed to create position.'),
+      );
+      const parameters = this.doOrRethrow(
+        () => createParameters(
+          primitiveExpression,
+          this.utilities.createParameterCollection(),
+        ),
+        createErrorContext('Failed to create parameters.'),
+      );
+      const expression = this.doOrRethrow(
+        () => this.utilities.createExpression({
+          position,
+          evaluator: primitiveExpression.evaluator,
+          parameters,
+        }),
+        createErrorContext('Failed to create expression.'),
+      );
+      yield expression;
+    }
+  }
+
+  private doOrRethrow<T>(
+    action: () => T,
+    context: ErrorContext,
+  ): T {
+    try {
+      return action();
+    } catch (error) {
+      throw this.utilities.wrapError(
+        error,
+        this.buildErrorMessageWithContext(context),
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  private buildErrorMessageWithContext(context: ErrorContext): string {
+    return [
+      context.errorMessage,
+      `Class name: ${this.constructor.name}`,
+      `Regex pattern used: ${this.regex}`,
+      `Code: ${context.code}`,
+    ].join('\n');
+  }
+}
+
+interface ErrorContext {
+  readonly errorMessage: string,
+  readonly code: string,
+}
+
+function createParameters(
+  expression: PrimitiveExpression,
+  parameterCollection: IFunctionParameterCollection,
+): IReadOnlyFunctionParameterCollection {
+  return (expression.parameters || [])
+    .reduce((parameters, parameter) => {
+      parameters.addParameter(parameter);
+      return parameters;
+    }, parameterCollection);
+}
+
+export interface PrimitiveExpression {
+  readonly evaluator: ExpressionEvaluator;
+  readonly parameters?: readonly IFunctionParameter[];
+}
+
+export interface ExpressionFactory {
+  (
+    ...args: ConstructorParameters<typeof Expression>
+  ): IExpression;
+}
+
+const DefaultRegexParserUtilities: RegexParserUtilities = {
+  wrapError: wrapErrorWithAdditionalContext,
+  createPosition: createPositionFromRegexFullMatch,
+  createExpression: (...args) => new Expression(...args),
+  createParameterCollection: createFunctionParameterCollection,
+};

src/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/Pipes/IPipe.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+export interface IPipe {
+  readonly name: string;
+  apply(input: string): string;
+}

src/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/Pipes/IPipelineCompiler.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export interface IPipelineCompiler {
+  compile(value: string, pipeline: string): string;
+}

src/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/Pipes/PipeDefinitions/EscapeDoubleQuotes.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+import type { IPipe } from '../IPipe';
+
+export class EscapeDoubleQuotes implements IPipe {
+  public readonly name: string = 'escapeDoubleQuotes';
+
+  public apply(raw: string): string {
+    if (!raw) {
+      return raw;
+    }
+    return raw.replaceAll('"', '"^""');
+    /* eslint-disable vue/max-len */
+    /*
+      "^"" is the most robust and stable choice.
+      Other options:
+        ""
+          Breaks, because it is fundamentally unsupported
+        """"
+          Does not work with consecutive double quotes.
+          E.g. `PowerShell -Command "$name='aq'; Write-Host """"Disabled `""""$name`"""""""";"`
+          Works when using: `PowerShell -Command "$name='aq'; Write-Host "^""Disabled `"^""$name`"^"" "^"";"`
+        \"
+          May break as they are interpreted by cmd.exe as metacharacters breaking the command
+          E.g. `PowerShell -Command "Write-Host 'Hello \"w&orld\"'"` does not work due to unescaped "&"
+          Works when using: `PowerShell -Command "Write-Host 'Hello "^""w&orld"^""'"`
+        \""
+          Normalizes interior whitespace
+          E.g. `PowerShell -Command "\""a&  c\"".length"`, outputs 4 and discards one of two whitespaces
+          Works when using "^"": `PowerShell -Command ""^""a&  c"^"".length"`
+      A good explanation: https://stackoverflow.com/a/31413730
+    */
+    /* eslint-enable vue/max-len */
+  }
+}

src/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/Pipes/PipeDefinitions/InlinePowerShell.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+import type { IPipe } from '../IPipe';
+
+export class InlinePowerShell implements IPipe {
+  public readonly name: string = 'inlinePowerShell';
+
+  public apply(code: string): string {
+    if (!code || !hasLines(code)) {
+      return code;
+    }
+    const processor = new Array<(data: string) => string>(...[ // for broken ESlint "indent"
+      inlineComments,
+      mergeLinesWithBacktick,
+      mergeHereStrings,
+      mergeNewLines,
+    ]).reduce((a, b) => (data) => b(a(data)));
+    const newCode = processor(code);
+    return newCode;
+  }
+}
+
+function hasLines(text: string) {
+  return text.includes('\n') || text.includes('\r');
+}
+
+/*
+  Line comments using "#" are replaced with inline comment syntax <# comment.. #>
+  Otherwise single # comments out rest of the code
+*/
+function inlineComments(code: string): string {
+  const makeInlineComment = (comment: string) => {
+    const value = comment.trim();
+    if (!value) {
+      return '<##>';
+    }
+    return `<# ${value} #>`;
+  };
+  return code.replaceAll(/<#.*?#>|#(.*)/g, (match, captureComment) => {
+    if (captureComment === undefined) {
+      return match;
+    }
+    return makeInlineComment(captureComment);
+  });
+  /*
+    Other alternatives considered:
+    --------------------------
+    /#(?<!<#)(?![<>])(.*)$/gm
+    -------------------------
+      ✅ Simple, yet matches and captures only what's necessary
+      ❌ Fails to match some cases
+        ❌ `Write-Host "hi" # Comment ending line inline comment but not one #>`
+        ❌ `Write-Host "hi" <#Comment starting like inline comment start but not one`
+        ❌ `Write-Host "hi" #>Comment starting like inline comment end but not one`
+      ❌ Uses lookbehind
+        Safari does not yet support lookbehind and syntax, leading application to not
+        load and throw "Invalid regular expression: invalid group specifier name"
+        https://caniuse.com/js-regexp-lookbehind
+      ⏩ Usage
+        return code.replaceAll(/#(?<!<#)(?![<>])(.*)$/gm, (match, captureComment) => {
+          return makeInlineComment(captureComment)
+        });
+    ----------------
+    /<#.*?#>|#(.*)/g
+    ----------------
+      ✅ Simple yet affective
+      ❌ Matches all comments, but only captures dash comments
+      ❌ Fails to match some cases
+        ❌ `Write-Host "hi" # Comment ending line inline comment but not one #>`
+        ❌ `Write-Host "hi" <#Comment starting like inline comment start but not one`
+      ⏩ Usage
+        return code.replaceAll(/<#.*?#>|#(.*)/g, (match, captureComment) => {
+          if (captureComment === undefined) {
+            return match;
+          }
+          return makeInlineComment(captureComment);
+        });
+    ------------------------------------
+    /(^(?:<#.*?#>|[^#])*)(?:(#)(.*))?/gm
+    ------------------------------------
+      ✅ Covers all cases
+      ❌ Matches every line, three capture groups are used to build result
+      ⏩ Usage
+        return code.replaceAll(/(^(?:<#.*?#>|[^#])*)(?:(#)(.*))?/gm,
+          (match, captureLeft, captureDash, captureComment) => {
+            if (!captureDash) {
+              return match;
+            }
+            return captureLeft + makeInlineComment(captureComment);
+          });
+    */
+}
+
+function getLines(code: string): string[] {
+  return (code?.split(/\r\n|\r|\n/) || []);
+}
+
+/*
+  Merges inline here-strings to a single lined string with Windows line terminator (\r\n)
+  https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_quoting_rules?view=powershell-7.4#here-strings
+*/
+function mergeHereStrings(code: string) {
+  const regex = /@(['"])\s*(?:\r\n|\r|\n)((.|\n|\r)+?)(\r\n|\r|\n)\1@/g;
+  return code.replaceAll(regex, (_$, quotes, scope) => {
+    const newString = getHereStringHandler(quotes);
+    const escaped = scope.replaceAll(quotes, newString.escapedQuotes);
+    const lines = getLines(escaped);
+    const inlined = lines.join(newString.separator);
+    const quoted = `${newString.quotesAround}${inlined}${newString.quotesAround}`;
+    return quoted;
+  });
+}
+interface IInlinedHereString {
+  readonly quotesAround: string;
+  readonly escapedQuotes: string;
+  readonly separator: string;
+}
+function getHereStringHandler(quotes: string): IInlinedHereString {
+  /*
+    We handle @' and @" differently.
+    Single quotes are interpreted literally and doubles are expandable.
+  */
+  const expandableNewLine = '`r`n';
+  switch (quotes) {
+    case '\'':
+      return {
+        quotesAround: '\'',
+        escapedQuotes: '\'\'',
+        separator: `'+"${expandableNewLine}"+'`,
+      };
+    case '"':
+      return {
+        quotesAround: '"',
+        escapedQuotes: '`"',
+        separator: expandableNewLine,
+      };
+    default:
+      throw new Error(`expected quotes: ${quotes}`);
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+  Input ->
+      Get-Service * `
+          Sort-Object StartType `
+          Format-Table Name, ServiceType, Status -AutoSize
+  Output ->
+      Get-Service * | Sort-Object StartType | Format-Table -AutoSize
+*/
+function mergeLinesWithBacktick(code: string) {
+  /*
+    The regex actually wraps any whitespace character after backtick and before newline
+    However, this is not always the case for PowerShell.
+    I see two behaviors:
+        1. If inside string, it's accepted (inside " or ')
+        2. If part of a command, PowerShell throws "An empty pipe element is not allowed"
+    However we don't need to be so robust and handle this complexity (yet), so for easier regex
+    we wrap it anyway
+  */
+  return code.replaceAll(/ +`\s*(?:\r\n|\r|\n)\s*/g, ' ');
+}
+
+function mergeNewLines(code: string) {
+  return getLines(code)
+    .map((line) => line.trim())
+    .filter((line) => line.length > 0)
+    .join('; ');
+}

src/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/Pipes/PipeFactory.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import { InlinePowerShell } from './PipeDefinitions/InlinePowerShell';
+import { EscapeDoubleQuotes } from './PipeDefinitions/EscapeDoubleQuotes';
+import type { IPipe } from './IPipe';
+
+const RegisteredPipes = [
+  new EscapeDoubleQuotes(),
+  new InlinePowerShell(),
+];
+
+export interface IPipeFactory {
+  get(pipeName: string): IPipe;
+}
+
+export class PipeFactory implements IPipeFactory {
+  private readonly pipes = new Map<string, IPipe>();
+
+  constructor(pipes: readonly IPipe[] = RegisteredPipes) {
+    for (const pipe of pipes) {
+      this.registerPipe(pipe);
+    }
+  }
+
+  public get(pipeName: string): IPipe {
+    validatePipeName(pipeName);
+    const pipe = this.pipes.get(pipeName);
+    if (!pipe) {
+      throw new Error(`Unknown pipe: "${pipeName}"`);
+    }
+    return pipe;
+  }
+
+  private registerPipe(pipe: IPipe): void {
+    validatePipeName(pipe.name);
+    if (this.pipes.has(pipe.name)) {
+      throw new Error(`Pipe name must be unique: "${pipe.name}"`);
+    }
+    this.pipes.set(pipe.name, pipe);
+  }
+}
+
+function validatePipeName(name: string) {
+  if (!name) {
+    throw new Error('empty pipe name');
+  }
+  if (!/^[a-z][A-Za-z]*$/.test(name)) {
+    throw new Error(`Pipe name should be camelCase: "${name}"`);
+  }
+}

src/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/Pipes/PipelineCompiler.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import { type IPipeFactory, PipeFactory } from './PipeFactory';
+import type { IPipelineCompiler } from './IPipelineCompiler';
+
+export class PipelineCompiler implements IPipelineCompiler {
+  constructor(private readonly factory: IPipeFactory = new PipeFactory()) { }
+
+  public compile(value: string, pipeline: string): string {
+    ensureValidArguments(value, pipeline);
+    const pipeNames = extractPipeNames(pipeline);
+    const pipes = pipeNames.map((pipeName) => this.factory.get(pipeName));
+    return pipes.reduce((previousValue, pipe) => {
+      return pipe.apply(previousValue);
+    }, value);
+  }
+}
+
+function extractPipeNames(pipeline: string): string[] {
+  return pipeline
+    .trim()
+    .split('|')
+    .slice(1)
+    .map((p) => p.trim());
+}
+
+function ensureValidArguments(value: string, pipeline: string) {
+  if (!value) { throw new Error('missing value'); }
+  if (!pipeline) { throw new Error('missing pipeline'); }
+  if (!pipeline.trimStart().startsWith('|')) {
+    throw new Error('pipeline does not start with pipe');
+  }
+}

src/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/SyntaxParsers/ParameterSubstitutionParser.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import { FunctionParameter } from '@/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Function/Parameter/FunctionParameter';
+import { RegexParser, type PrimitiveExpression } from '../Parser/Regex/RegexParser';
+import { ExpressionRegexBuilder } from '../Parser/Regex/ExpressionRegexBuilder';
+
+export class ParameterSubstitutionParser extends RegexParser {
+  protected readonly regex = new ExpressionRegexBuilder()
+    .expectExpressionStart()
+    .expectCharacters('$')
+    .captureUntilWhitespaceOrPipe() // First capture: Parameter name
+    .expectOptionalWhitespaces()
+    .captureOptionalPipeline() // Second capture: Pipeline
+    .expectExpressionEnd()
+    .buildRegExp();
+
+  protected buildExpression(match: RegExpMatchArray): PrimitiveExpression {
+    const parameterName = match[1];
+    const pipeline = match[2];
+    return {
+      parameters: [new FunctionParameter(parameterName, false)],
+      evaluator: (context) => {
+        const { argumentValue } = context.args.getArgument(parameterName);
+        if (!pipeline) {
+          return argumentValue;
+        }
+        return context.pipelineCompiler.compile(argumentValue, pipeline);
+      },
+    };
+  }
+}

src/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/SyntaxParsers/WithParser.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+// eslint-disable-next-line max-classes-per-file
+import type { IExpressionParser } from '@/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Expressions/Parser/IExpressionParser';
+import { FunctionParameterCollection } from '@/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Function/Parameter/FunctionParameterCollection';
+import { FunctionParameter } from '@/application/Parser/Executable/Script/Compiler/Function/Parameter/FunctionParameter';
+import { ExpressionPosition } from '../Expression/ExpressionPosition';
+import { ExpressionRegexBuilder } from '../Parser/Regex/ExpressionRegexBuilder';
+import { createPositionFromRegexFullMatch } from '../Expression/ExpressionPositionFactory';
+import type { IExpression } from '../Expression/IExpression';
+
+export class WithParser implements IExpressionParser {
+  public findExpressions(code: string): IExpression[] {
+    if (!code) {
+      throw new Error('missing code');
+    }
+    return parseWithExpressions(code);
+  }
+}
+
+enum WithStatementType {
+  Start,
+  End,
+  ContextVariable,
+}
+
+type WithStatement = {
+  readonly type: WithStatementType.Start;
+  readonly parameterName: string;
+  readonly position: ExpressionPosition;
+} | {
+  readonly type: WithStatementType.End;
+  readonly position: ExpressionPosition;
+} | {
+  readonly type: WithStatementType.ContextVariable;
+  readonly position: ExpressionPosition;
+  readonly pipeline: string | undefined;
+};
+
+function parseAllWithExpressions(
+  input: string,
+): WithStatement[] {
+  const expressions = new Array<WithStatement>();
+  for (const match of input.matchAll(WithStatementStartRegEx)) {
+    expressions.push({
+      type: WithStatementType.Start,
+      parameterName: match[1],
+      position: createPositionFromRegexFullMatch(match),
+    });
+  }
+  for (const match of input.matchAll(WithStatementEndRegEx)) {
+    expressions.push({
+      type: WithStatementType.End,
+      position: createPositionFromRegexFullMatch(match),
+    });
+  }
+  for (const match of input.matchAll(ContextVariableWithPipelineRegEx)) {
+    expressions.push({
+      type: WithStatementType.ContextVariable,
+      position: createPositionFromRegexFullMatch(match),
+      pipeline: match[1],
+    });
+  }
+  return expressions;
+}
+
+class WithStatementBuilder {
+  private readonly contextVariables = new Array<{
+    readonly positionInScope: ExpressionPosition;
+    readonly pipeline: string | undefined;
+  }>();
+
+  public addContextVariable(
+    absolutePosition: ExpressionPosition,
+    pipeline: string | undefined,
+  ): void {
+    const positionInScope = new ExpressionPosition(
+      absolutePosition.start - this.startExpressionPosition.end,
+      absolutePosition.end - this.startExpressionPosition.end,
+    );
+    this.contextVariables.push({
+      positionInScope,
+      pipeline,
+    });
+  }
+
+  public buildExpression(endExpressionPosition: ExpressionPosition, input: string): IExpression {
+    const parameters = new FunctionParameterCollection();
+    parameters.addParameter(new FunctionParameter(this.parameterName, true));
+    const position = new ExpressionPosition(
+      this.startExpressionPosition.start,
+      endExpressionPosition.end,
+    );
+    const scope = input.substring(this.startExpressionPosition.end, endExpressionPosition.start);
+    return {
+      parameters,
+      position,
+      evaluate: (context) => {
+        const argumentValue = context.args.hasArgument(this.parameterName)
+          ? context.args.getArgument(this.parameterName).argumentValue
+          : undefined;
+        if (!argumentValue) {
+          return '';
+        }
+        const substitutedScope = this.substituteContextVariables(scope, (pipeline) => {
+          if (!pipeline) {
+            return argumentValue;
+          }
+          return context.pipelineCompiler.compile(argumentValue, pipeline);
+        });
+        return substitutedScope;
+      },
+    };
+  }
+
+  constructor(
+    private readonly startExpressionPosition: ExpressionPosition,
+    private readonly parameterName: string,
+  ) {
+
+  }
+
+  private substituteContextVariables(
+    scope: string,
+    substituter: (pipeline?: string) => string,
+  ): string {
+    if (!this.contextVariables.length) {
+      return scope;
+    }
+    let substitutedScope = '';
+    let scopeSubstrIndex = 0;
+    for (const contextVariable of this.contextVariables) {
+      substitutedScope += scope.substring(scopeSubstrIndex, contextVariable.positionInScope.start);
+      substitutedScope += substituter(contextVariable.pipeline);
+      scopeSubstrIndex = contextVariable.positionInScope.end;
+    }
+    substitutedScope += scope.substring(scopeSubstrIndex, scope.length);
+    return substitutedScope;
+  }
+}
+
+function buildErrorContext(code: string, statements: readonly WithStatement[]): string {
+  const formattedStatements = statements.map((s) => `- [${s.position.start}, ${s.position.end}] ${WithStatementType[s.type]}`).join('\n');
+  return [
+    'Code:', '---', code, '---',
+    'nStatements:', '---', formattedStatements, '---',
+  ].join('\n');
+}
+
+function parseWithExpressions(input: string): IExpression[] {
+  const allStatements = parseAllWithExpressions(input);
+  const sortedStatements = allStatements
+    .slice()
+    .sort((a, b) => b.position.start - a.position.start);
+  const expressions = new Array<IExpression>();
+  const builders = new Array<WithStatementBuilder>();
+  const throwWithContext = (message: string): never => {
+    throw new Error(`${message}\n${buildErrorContext(input, allStatements)}}`);
+  };
+  while (sortedStatements.length > 0) {
+    const statement = sortedStatements.pop();
+    if (!statement) {
+      break;
+    }
+    switch (statement.type) { // eslint-disable-line default-case
+      case WithStatementType.Start:
+        builders.push(new WithStatementBuilder(
+          statement.position,
+          statement.parameterName,
+        ));
+        break;
+      case WithStatementType.ContextVariable:
+        if (builders.length === 0) {
+          throwWithContext('Context variable before `with` statement.');
+        }
+        builders[builders.length - 1].addContextVariable(statement.position, statement.pipeline);
+        break;
+      case WithStatementType.End: {
+        const builder = builders.pop();
+        if (!builder) {
+          throwWithContext('Redundant `end` statement, missing `with`?');
+          break;
+        }
+        expressions.push(builder.buildExpression(statement.position, input));
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  if (builders.length > 0) {
+    throwWithContext('Missing `end` statement, forgot `{{ end }}?');
+  }
+  return expressions;
+}
+
+const ContextVariableWithPipelineRegEx = new ExpressionRegexBuilder()
+// {{ . | pipeName }}
+  .expectExpressionStart()
+  .expectCharacters('.')
+  .expectOptionalWhitespaces()
+  .captureOptionalPipeline() // First capture: pipeline
+  .expectExpressionEnd()
+  .buildRegExp();
+
+const WithStatementStartRegEx = new ExpressionRegexBuilder()
+  // {{ with $parameterName }}
+  .expectExpressionStart()
+  .expectCharacters('with')
+  .expectOneOrMoreWhitespaces()
+  .expectCharacters('$')
+  .captureUntilWhitespaceOrPipe() // First capture: parameter name
+  .expectExpressionEnd()
+  .expectOptionalWhitespaces()
+  .buildRegExp();
+
+const WithStatementEndRegEx = new ExpressionRegexBuilder()
+  // {{ end }}
+  .expectOptionalWhitespaces()
+  .expectExpressionStart()
+  .expectCharacters('end')
+  .expectOptionalWhitespaces()
+  .expectExpressionEnd()
+  .buildRegExp();