Migrate to electron-vite and electron-builder

- Switch from deprecated Vue CLI plugin to `electron-vite` (see
  nklayman/vue-cli-plugin-electron-builder#1982)
- Update main/preload scripts to use `index.cjs` filenames to support
  `"type": "module"`, resolving crash issue (#233). This crash was
  related to Electron not supporting ESM (see electron/asar#249,
  electron/electron#21457).
- This commit completes migration to Vite from Vue CLI (#230).

Structure changes:

- Introduce separate folders for Electron's main and preload processes.
- Move TypeHelpers to `src/` to mark tit as accessible by the rest of
  the code.

Config changes:

- Make `vite.config.ts` reusable by Electron configuration.
- On electron-builder, use `--publish` flag instead of `-p` for clarity.

Tests:

- Add log for preload script loading verification.
- Implement runtime environment sanity checks.
- Enhance logging in `check-desktop-runtime-errors`.

electron.vite.config.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+import { resolve } from 'path';
+import { mergeConfig, UserConfig } from 'vite';
+import { defineConfig, externalizeDepsPlugin } from 'electron-vite';
+import { getAliasesFromTsConfig, getClientEnvironmentVariables } from './vite-config-helper';
+import { createVueConfig } from './vite.config';
+
+const MAIN_ENTRY_FILE = resolvePathFromProjectRoot('src/presentation/electron/main/index.ts');
+const PRELOAD_ENTRY_FILE = resolvePathFromProjectRoot('src/presentation/electron/preload/index.ts');
+const WEB_INDEX_HTML_PATH = resolvePathFromProjectRoot('src/presentation/index.html');
+const DIST_DIR = resolvePathFromProjectRoot('dist_electron/');
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  main: getSharedElectronConfig({
+    distDirSubfolder: 'main',
+    entryFilePath: MAIN_ENTRY_FILE,
+  }),
+  preload: getSharedElectronConfig({
+    distDirSubfolder: 'preload',
+    entryFilePath: PRELOAD_ENTRY_FILE,
+  }),
+  renderer: mergeConfig(
+    createVueConfig({
+      supportLegacyBrowsers: false,
+    }),
+    {
+      build: {
+        outDir: resolve(DIST_DIR, 'renderer'),
+        rollupOptions: {
+          input: {
+            index: WEB_INDEX_HTML_PATH,
+          },
+          external: ['os', 'child_process', 'fs', 'path'],
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  ),
+});
+
+function getSharedElectronConfig(options: {
+  readonly distDirSubfolder: string;
+  readonly entryFilePath: string;
+}): UserConfig {
+  return {
+    build: {
+      outDir: resolve(DIST_DIR, options.distDirSubfolder),
+      lib: {
+        entry: options.entryFilePath,
+      },
+      rollupOptions: {
+        output: {
+          entryFileNames: '[name].cjs', // This is needed so `type="module"` works
+        },
+      },
+    },
+    plugins: [externalizeDepsPlugin()],
+    define: {
+      ...getClientEnvironmentVariables(),
+    },
+    resolve: {
+      alias: {
+        ...getAliasesFromTsConfig(),
+      },
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+function resolvePathFromProjectRoot(pathSegment: string) {
+  return resolve(__dirname, pathSegment);
+}